|
Pedro Fróilaz de Traba (''fl.'' 1086–1126) was the most powerful secular magnate in the Kingdom of Galicia during the first quarter of the twelfth century. According to the ''Historia compostelana'', he was "spirited ... warlike ... of great power ... a man who feared God and hated iniquity," for Diego Gelmírez himself had "fed him, like a spiritual son, with the nutriment of holy teaching."〔Fletcher (1984), 37–38.〕 Brought up at the court of the Emperor Alfonso VI, Pedro raised the future Emperor Alfonso VII in his household. Around the latter he and Diego formed a "Galician party" that dominated that region during the turbulent reign of Urraca (1109–26). In September 1111 they even had the child Alfonso crowned king at Santiago de Compostela, but it was Pedro who was ''imperator in orbe Galletiae'' ("emperor in the ambit of Galicia").〔Monteagudo García (1952), 490. Pallarés and Portela (1993), 833, reads ''orbem Galletie imperante'', "ruling the ambit of Galicia".〕 Widely travelled and well-connected, especially through the prestigious marriages of his many daughters—he had at least sixteen legitimate children by his two wives—Pedro was, besides a political and military figure, a religious one. Sometime before 1109 he founded the first religious house for women in Galicia. As a result of his generosity to the Cathedral of Saint James in Compostela, Pedro is the best known Spanish nobleman of his era. One modern historian has written that he "needs a modern biography, and the materials are adequate for one."〔Reilly (1982), 360–62.〕 Most existing coverage is outdated or too heavily reliant on the ''Historia compostelana''. His diverse experiences have been summed up: He was well-travelled within Spain. His upbringing at the peripatetic court of Alfonso VI must have familiarized him with most corners of the kingdom of León-Castile. He had spent some time in captivity in Aragon; he numbered among his acquaintances the princes of southern France. We have () his taste for Moorish cooking. . . and it was in the square at Compostela that he had an iron statue of himself erected.〔 ==Family== Pedro was the son of Froila Vermúdez de Traba and his wife, Elvira de Faro.〔Barton (1997), 278–79.〕〔For Pedro's full, known ancestry, cf. Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León (), 304–305.〕 The first reference to Pedro is from 9 November 1086, when he subscribed to his father's donation to the monastery of San Martín de Jubia, now Couto.〔Fletcher (1984), 36.〕 According to the ''Historia compostelana'', Pedro was raised from childhood at the court of Alfonso VI of León.〔Barton (1997), 47–48.〕 His first wife was Urraca Fróilaz, daughter of Froila Arias and Ardio Díaz.〔For Urraca's ancestry, cf. Torres Sevilla-Quiñones de León (), 302–304.〕 They were married sometime before 12 August 1088, although a document surviving only in an eighteenth-century copy records their marriage on 11 August 1102.〔On that date Urraca ''comes domnus Petrus in coniugem accepit''.〕 By 6 May 1105 Pedro had remarried to Mayor (Guntroda) Rodríguez (de Bárcena), daughter of Rodrigo Muñoz.〔〔Canal Sánchez-Pagín (1989), 124; Canal Sánchez-Pagín (1991), 23–24, where she is called Gontrodo Roiz. She had no relation to Ermengol V of Urgell, as sometimes alleged. Cf. also Alonso Álvarez (2007), 668.〕 Mayor was a major benefactress of Lugo Cathedral (14 June 1112) and the monasteries of Jubia (26 December 1114) and Sahagún (26 March 1125). She is last recorded alive on 6 January 1129 and probably died not long afterwards.〔 By his first wife Pedro had three sons and two daughters. The eldest son, Bermudo, would eventually be overshadowed, politically, by the second, Fernando.〔 His other son was Froila and his daughters Jimena and Lupa (married Muño Peláez). By his second wife Pedro had six daughters—Elvira (married Gómez Núñez), Estefanía (married Ruy Fernández de Castro), Ilduara (married Arias Pérez and, as her second husband, the Portuguese nobleman Afonso Egas), Sancha, Toda (married Gutierre Vermúdez), and Urraca—and five sons—Rodrigo, García, Martín, Sancho, and Velasco.〔 The assignment of any one of Pedro's children to one of his two wives is in many cases uncertain. The record of the cartulary of the monastery of Sobrado lists only five sons and a daughter without naming a mother, for instance.〔Quoted in Alonso Álvarez (2007), 700: De domno Petro Froyle natus est comes domnus Fernandus et domnus Ueremudus et domnus Garssia et domnus Uelascus et comes domnus Rodericus dictus Uelusu et domna Luba.''〕 There may have been a second daughter named Toda who married Gutierre Osorio, from the province of León, as well as a daughter named Eva, wife of García Garcés de Aza.〔Fletcher (1984), 41.〕〔Alonso Álvarez (2007), 668, denies that Eva is a daughter of Pedro and Mayor. This Eva is sometimes identified with a wife of Pedro González de Lara and García Ordóñez de Nájera.〕 The historian Enrique Flórez named Gómez Núñez as another son-in-law by at the latest 1117.〔Reilly (1982), 290.〕 Pedro's son García may have married Elvira, illegitimate daughter of Queen Urraca and her lover Pedro González de Lara.〔The first record of Elvira dates to 1117, cf. Reilly (1982), 217.〕 This marriage would have taken place, if at all, between 1120 and 1126, and would have been designed to reconcile the Galician faction and the court faction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pedro Fróilaz de Traba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|